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在干旱胁迫下,利用冠层温度作为抗旱指标,寻求不同水分状态条件下不同基因型间冠层温度和产量稳定性的关系。于1986—1987和1987—1988年度分别试验了68个普通小麦和17个硬粒小麦品种,供试品种都生长在防雨棚内,或作充分灌溉处理或作逐渐增强的水分胁迫处理。各品种的籽粒产量稳定性由“干旱敏感指数”估计,即由胁迫和非胁迫环境下产量的差值来估计。冠层温度指示每种基因型植株的相对水分胁迫,比较“干早敏感指数”与干早胁迫下正午时的冠层温度,发现在两年里,对于不同基因型,二首呈正相关。这表明在于早胁迫下“干旱敏感”的品种不仅产量遭受损失较大,而且植株常处于较大的水分胁迫下,正午时的冠层温度也较高。以上结果有助于在干旱胁迫下,采用两种差异显著的水分状况,估计产量稳定性(或“干旱敏感指数”),同时可以应用冠层温度,作为选择抗旱性的手段。
Under drought stress, using canopy temperature as drought resistance index, the relationship between canopy temperature and yield stability under different water status was explored. A total of 68 wheat and 17 durum wheat varieties were tested in 1986-1987 and 1987-1988 respectively. The tested cultivars were all grown in rain shelters, or were fully irrigated or treated with increasing water stress. The grain yield stability of each variety is estimated by the “drought sensitivity index”, which is estimated from the difference in yield between stressed and non-stressed environments. Canopy temperature indicates the relative water stress of each genotype. Comparing the “dry early-morning sensitive index” with the canopy temperature at midday under drought-early-drought stress, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two genotypes in two years. This indicates that not only the “drought-sensitive” varieties under early stress are not only suffering from greater yield loss, but also the plants are often under greater water stress and the canopy temperatures are higher at midday. The above results are helpful to estimate the yield stability (or “drought sensitivity index”) under two different water conditions under drought stress. At the same time, the canopy temperature can be used as a means of selecting drought resistance.