目的:探讨脑外伤及脑出血合并肺部感染的危险因素及预防措施。方法:选取太钢总医院迎新街院区及尖草坪院区神经外科2013~2015年收治的112例较为危重的脑出血及脑外伤患者作为研究对象,统计分析影响肺部感染的相关因素,并总结预防措施。结果:112例患者发生肺部感染45例,感染率40.2%,其年龄≥55岁、GCS评分3~5分、使用机械通气、气管切开、使用激素、抗生素联用、留置胃管及有吸烟史患者肺部感染率均高于对照组(P<0.05),是引起肺部感染的危险因素。结论:脑外伤及脑出血患者并发肺部感染率高,危险因素较多。临床治疗过程中应加强感染危险因素的防控,尤其是无菌防护,减少侵入性操作,消除肺部感染发生因素,促进康复。 Objective: To explore the risk factors and preventive measures of traumatic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage complicated with pulmonary infection. Methods: One hundred and twelve cases of the more severe intracerebral hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury admitted to Neurosurgery Department of Yingxin Street and Jiancaoping Hospital of TISCO General Hospital from 2013 to 2015 were selected as the research object, and the related factors affecting the pulmonary infection were statistically analyzed. Summarize precautionary measures. Results: Of the 112 patients, 45 cases were infected with pulmonary infection, the infection rate was 40.2%, the age was 55 or older, and the GCS score was 3 to 5. The patients were treated with mechanical ventilation, tracheotomy, hormone and antibiotics, Smoking history of patients with lung infection rates were higher than the control group (P <0.05), is a risk factor for lung infection. Conclusion: The incidence of pulmonary infection in patients with traumatic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage is high, and there are many risk factors. In the course of clinical treatment, prevention and control of risk factors of infection should be strengthened, especially aseptic protection, invasive operation reduction, elimination of pulmonary infection and promotion of rehabilitation.