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天平是历史最悠久的计量器具之一。天平精度的显著提高是从十八世纪开始的,到十九世纪中叶就基本达到了现在的精度。在后来的百余年内,没有很大提高。天平的目前水平和发展趋势,可以从两个方面讨论。对于普通精度的称量,总的说来,各厂家大批量生产的天平,在精度上是能够满足要求的。这里的主要矛盾是称量速度,即怎样提高工作效率的问题;对于高精度的称量,特别是在建立质量基准和提高基准器精度的工作中,人们仍然致力于减小误差,设法进一步提高复现精度。
Balance is one of the oldest measuring instruments. The remarkable improvement of balance precision started from the 18th century and reached the present accuracy by the middle of the 19th century. In the following hundred years, there was not much improvement. The current level and trend of the balance can be discussed from two aspects. For the general accuracy of the weighing, in general, the mass balance manufacturers, in accuracy is able to meet the requirements. The main contradiction here is weighing speed, ie, how to improve working efficiency. For high-precision weighing, especially in setting quality benchmark and improving accuracy of reference, people are still trying to reduce the error and try to improve further Reproduce the accuracy.