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目的分析成都地区献血者HIV流行率,新感染发生率,以及核酸检测系统引入前后窗口期输血残余风险。方法统计2011-2012年献血者资料,以确认抗-HIV阳性献血者数量计算HIV流行率,以重复献血者发生阳性转化的数量,和所有重复献血者的献血时间间隔总和计算HIV新感染发生率,并由此计算输血残余风险。结果在2年间的277 029名献血者中,抗-HIV流行率为0.061%。本中心在引入核酸检测系统前后,HIV窗口期输血残余风险分别是1/52 274和1/76 046。结论虽然将核酸检测系统引入血液筛查可以降低输血残余风险,但该风险仍然存在。提高输血安全性需要进一步加强献血者筛查力度,提高检测灵敏度,并尽量减少输血等措施。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of HIV in newborns in Chengdu area and the incidence of new infections and the residual risk of blood transfusion in the window period before and after the introduction of nucleic acid detection system. Methods Data of blood donors from 2011 to 2012 were collected to confirm the prevalence of HIV-positive blood donors. The prevalence of HIV infection was calculated based on the number of repeated positive blood donor transfusions and the sum of blood donation intervals of all repeat blood donors , And calculate the residual risk of transfusion. Results The prevalence of anti-HIV was 0.061% among 277,029 blood donors over a two-year period. Before and after the introduction of the nucleic acid testing system, the residual risk of transfusions in HIV window phase was 1/52 274 and 1/76 046, respectively. Conclusion Although the introduction of a nucleic acid detection system into blood screening can reduce the residual risk of transfusion, the risk persists. To improve the safety of blood transfusion need to further strengthen the screening of blood donors to improve the detection sensitivity, and to minimize blood transfusions and other measures.