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分别将两种中性盐(NaCl和Na2SO4)与两种碱性盐(NaHCO3和Na2CO3)均按摩尔比9∶1混合,在模拟出不同强度的盐碱胁迫条件。比较了盐碱胁迫对小冰麦种子萌发、早期幼苗生长及幼苗中Na+、K+离子含量的影响。结果表明,碱胁迫对小冰麦种子萌发的抑制作用明显大于盐胁迫,而碱胁迫对萌发的抑制可能是致死的。碱胁迫对早期幼苗生长的抑制作用也明显大于盐胁迫,尤其对幼根的抑制作用。碱胁迫明显破坏根的结构和功能,导致根活力急剧下降。盐碱胁迫均造成芽和幼根Na+含量上升而K+含量下降,Na+/K+也随之升高。但若两种胁迫相比,碱胁迫下Na+含量及Na+/K+比值上升幅度和K+含量下降幅度均大于盐胁迫。小冰麦的Na+、K+含量变化特点表明,碱胁迫造成的高pH干扰了根系选择性吸收K+、Na+的能力,而造成了植物体内Na+、K+不均衡,这可能是碱胁迫对小冰麦的伤害作用大于盐胁迫的原因所在。
Two neutral salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) and two alkaline salts (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3) were mixed at a molar ratio of 9: 1 respectively to simulate different alkali and alkali stress conditions. The effects of salinity and alkalinity on seed germination, early seedling growth and Na +, K + contents of seedlings were compared. The results showed that alkali stress had a greater inhibitory effect on the seed germination of small ice than that under salt stress. However, the inhibition of alkali stress on the germination could be lethal. The inhibition effect of alkali stress on the growth of early seedling was also significantly greater than that of salt stress, especially the inhibition of young root. Alkali stress significantly damaged the structure and function of the root, leading to a sharp decline in root activity. Saline-alkali stress resulted in the increase of Na + content and K + content of shoot and root, and the increase of Na + / K +. However, compared with the two kinds of stress, the decrease of Na + content, Na + / K + ratio and K + content under alkali stress decreased more than that of salt stress. The changes of Na + and K + contents in the small ice barley indicated that the high pH caused by alkali stress interfered with the ability of the roots to selectively absorb K + and Na +, resulting in the imbalance of Na + and K + in the plants. The damage is greater than the cause of salt stress.