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目的 了解乙脑远期后遗症的状况,为全面评价乙脑的疾病负担提供依据。方法 应用历史性队列研究方法,对在1973～1994年间患乙脑的病人进行随访,并以同时实验室诊断乙脑阴性的脑炎病人和健康人分别作为乙脑病人组的两个对照组。对三组对象进行神经系统体格检查,日常生活功能评价(ADL)和智力测定。结果 在乙脑病后8～26年,有29例(34％)乙脑病人有远期后遗症,其中7例因后遗症在本次随访前已死亡。在22例存活的病人中,有12人(5％)有中、重度的后遗症。与非乙脑组和健康对照组相比,乙脑所致的远期后遗症的相对危险度分别为4.15和26.61。结论 乙脑病后所致的残疾相当严重,并给社会和家庭造成较大的负担。
Objective To understand the status of long-term sequelae of Japanese encephalitis and provide evidence for a comprehensive evaluation of the burden of Japanese encephalitis. Methods A historical cohort study was conducted to follow up the patients with JE between 1973 and 1994. Two encephalitis patients and healthy individuals with simultaneous laboratory diagnosis of JE were used as two control groups. Three groups of subjects for neurological examination, daily life function evaluation (ADL) and intelligence measurement. Results Eight to 26 years after JE, 29 (34%) JE patients had long-term sequelae, of whom 7 had died of sequelae prior to this visit. Of the 22 surviving patients, 12 (5%) had moderate to severe sequelae. Compared with non-Encephalitis group and healthy control group, the relative risk of long-term sequelae caused by JE were 4.15 and 26.61, respectively. Conclusion The disability caused by Japanese encephalitis is quite serious, which will cause a heavy burden on society and families.