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最近的研究表明,所有与抗菌药相关的假膜性结肠炎(Pseudomembranous Colitis,简称PMC),以及约1/5没有结肠假膜的抗菌药相关的腹泻(Antimicrobial-associated diarrhea,简称AAD)病人,实际上是由难辨梭状芽胞杆菌(Clostridium difficile)的毒素所致。非抗菌药引起的PMC或腹泻,偶而也与此菌毒素有关。现时常用治疗本病的抗菌药包括:(1)万古霉素:此药在肠道很少吸收,已成功地治疗100多例PMC或AAD。每天口服0.5～2g,共7～14天。一般用药1～2天内发热消退和腹泻减少。除个别病例外,腹泻均在1～14天内停止。停药后4～28天可能复发。Bartlett
Recent studies have shown that all antimicrobial drug-associated pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), and about one-fifth of antimicrobial-associated diarrhea (AAD) patients without colonic pseudomembranous membranes, Actually caused by toxins of Clostridium difficile. Non-antibacterial drugs cause PMC or diarrhea, and occasionally with this toxin. Currently used anti-bacterial drugs commonly used in this disease include: (1) vancomycin: This drug is rarely absorbed in the intestine and has successfully treated more than 100 cases of PMC or AAD. Oral 0.5 ~ 2g daily, a total of 7 to 14 days. General medication within 1 to 2 days fever and diarrhea subsided. In addition to individual cases, diarrhea stopped within 1 to 14 days. 4 to 28 days after stopping the drug may relapse. Bartlett