研究了硅胶整体柱的制备工艺及温度、p H对凝胶化过程的影响 ,探讨了不同的四甲氧基硅烷 /聚乙二醇比例、不同制孔剂浓度对柱结构的影响 ,以及不同焙烧温度和酸活化处理方法对柱体 Si-OH含量和线性收缩率的影响 ,由此确定最佳制备条件。结果表明 ,采用改进的溶胶 -凝胶工艺制备的硅胶整体柱 ,无开裂变形现象 ;不同制备条件 ,可以产生具有不同微米级鞍形骨架、微米级大孔和纳米级中孔的整体柱 ,可适合不同物质的分离和分析 The preparation process of silica monolithic column and the effect of temperature and p H on the gelation process were studied. The effects of different ratios of tetramethoxysilane / polyethylene glycol and different pore concentration on the column structure were studied, Calcination temperature and acid activation treatment on the column Si-OH content and linear shrinkage rate, thereby determining the optimum preparation conditions. The results show that the monolithic silica gel columns prepared by the improved sol-gel process have no cracking and deformation. The monolithic columns with different sizes of micrometer-sized saddle skeleton, micro-scale macropores and nano-scale mesopores can be produced under different preparation conditions. Suitable for the separation and analysis of different substances