论文部分内容阅读
本研究旨在调查“自杀”对我国大学生的心理意义,或者说从社会语言学角度考察大学生对自杀的态度。研究以“语义区分量表”为主,参与者为五地高校的571名大学本科生;事后就其统计结果访谈了部分参与者,并对访谈录音文本进行了话语分析。结果发现,自杀对大学生的心理意义整体上是负面的。自杀的心理意义呈现四个维度:评价、包容度、情绪、行为。行为维度的态度最为否定,即倾向预防和阻止,评价维度的态度否定程度稍弱。成长所在地区、独生子女与否、城乡家庭背景对“自杀”的整体态度有显著影响。成长于经济发达的东部地区的学生比西部地区的学生对自杀的态度更为宽容;独生子女比非独生子女的态度更为宽容;大城市比农村背景学生的态度更为宽容。在“自杀”的具体心理意义维度上,也存在一些群体差异。访谈结果与量表基本一致,并进一步呈现出对自杀的“否定”话语和“尊重”话语。研究呈现的多重心理意义对于预测未来的态度变化趋势以及高校生命教育提供了一定的启示。
The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological significance of “suicide” to college students in our country, or to examine undergraduates’ attitudes toward suicide from a socio-linguistic perspective. The study was mainly based on the “Semantic Differentiation Scale”. The participants were 571 undergraduates in five universities. Later, some participants were interviewed on the basis of their statistical results. Discourse analysis of the interview recording texts was conducted. The results found that the psychological significance of suicide on college students as a whole is negative. Psychological significance of suicide presents four dimensions: evaluation, tolerance, emotion, behavior. Behavioral dimensions of attitude is the most negative, that is, tend to prevent and stop, evaluate the attitude of the dimension of negation is weaker. The growth of the region, only children or not, urban and rural family background on the “suicide ” overall attitude has a significant impact. Students growing up in economically developed eastern regions were more tolerant of suicides than those in western regions; only children were more forgiving than non-only children; big cities were more forgiving than students from rural background. There are also some group differences in the specific psychological meaning of “suicide”. The results of the interview are basically the same as those of the scale, and further show the “negative” discourse and “respect” discourse on suicide. The multiple psychological implications presented by the study provide some enlightenment for predicting the trend of future attitudes and life education in colleges and universities.