列宁之后,马克思主义及其文艺理论逐渐分化为不同的流派和学派。就马克思主义文艺理论而言,从世界范围来看,主要有三大学派或模式:苏联(本文均指前苏联)马克思主义文艺理论、西方马克思主义文艺理论和中国马克思主义文艺理论。 After Lenin, Marxism and its literary theory gradually diverged into different schools and schools. As far as Marxist theory of literature and art is concerned, there are mainly three schools of thought or model from the perspective of the world: the Soviet Union (both the former Soviet Union), the Marxist theory of literature and art, the Western Marxist theory of literature and art and the Chinese Marxist theory of literature and art.