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本研究旨在明确我国主要棉区棉田线虫种类分布,为进一步探讨棉花根病与线虫危害的关系提供依据。两年来调查初步结果表明:我国重要棉区棉田植物寄生线虫种类达16个属。主要有:根结线虫属(Meloidogyne)、滑刃线虫属(Aphelen Choides)、短体线虫属(Pratylenchus)、螺旋线虫属(Helicotylenchus)、茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)和纽带线虫属(Hoplolaimus)等。我国北方棉区(晋、冀、鲁、豫、京、辽)棉田线虫主要是:螺旋线虫属(Helicotylenchus)、真滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchus)、茎囊拟茎线虫属(Beleodorus)茎线虫属(Ditylcnchus)及半寄生的矛线虫属(Dorylaimus)、未发现根结线虫和短体线虫。新疆内陆棉区棉田线虫主要是:茎线虫属(Ditylenchus)、平滑垫刃属(Psilenchus)和茎囊拟茎线虫属(Boleodorus)。南方棉区(苏、浙、皖、鄂、川)棉田线虫主要是:根结线虫属(Meloidogyne)、真滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchus)、矮化线虫属(Tylcnchorynchus)、盘旋线虫属(Rotylenchus)等,未发现螺旋线虫。
The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution of nematode species in cotton fields in China’s main cotton areas and provide evidence for further exploring the relationship between cotton root disease and nematode hazards. The preliminary results of the investigation in the past two years show that there are 16 genera of plant parasitic nematodes in cotton fields in China. There are mainly Meloidogyne, Aphelen Choides, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Ditylenchus and Hoplolaimus. The main nematodes of the cotton fields in northern cotton area of China (Jin, Ji, Lu, Yu, Jing and Liao) are Helicotylenchus, Aphelenchus, Beleodorus, Ditylcnchus and semi-parasitic Dorylaimus. No root-knot nematodes and short-necked nematodes were found. The main cotton nematodes in Xinjiang inland cotton area are: Ditylenchus, Psilenchus and Boleodorus. The main nematodes in cotton fields in southern cotton area (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei and Sichuan) are Meloidogyne, Aphelenchus, Tylcnchorynchus, Rotylenchus, Etc., did not find helix nematodes.