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目的研究发热症状的时空分布特征,探索呼吸道传染病疫情的时空分布特点及时空聚集性特征,为呼吸道传染病的早期预警提供依据。方法利用北京市朝阳区一所三级甲等医院发热门诊所建立的症状监测系统,收集2009年4月1日00:00时至2010年3月31日24:00时期间的就诊患者的病历资料,应用回顾性时空重排扫描统计量方法进行时空扫描分析,并对其中流行性感冒(流感)样病例、流感患者、发热待查患者分别进行分析。结果以50%时间周期进行扫描,发热门诊就诊患者、流感样病例、流感患者、发热待查患者的分布均可探测到聚集区域,经检验差异有统计学意义,聚集区域集中在北京市朝阳区中部。流感样病例与流感患者聚集区域接近,区域中点距离为0.92 km,大部分重叠。结论对发热门诊就诊患者的时空聚集性探测,可以准确发现呼吸道传染病患者的聚集区域,有利于早期预警。发热门诊的症状监测系统对呼吸道传染病的防控具有较为重要的价值。
Objective To study the spatio-temporal distribution of febrile symptoms and explore the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and spatio-temporal aggregation characteristics of the epidemic of respiratory infectious diseases and provide the basis for early warning of respiratory infectious diseases. Methods Using the symptom monitoring system established by a third-class fever clinic in Chaoyang District, Beijing, the patient’s medical record was collected from 00:00 on April 1, 2009 to 24:00 on March 31, 2010 Data were analyzed retrospectively using spatio-temporal rearrangement scanning statistics to analyze the cases of influenza (influenza), influenza and fever. Results The scanning was performed in 50% of the time periods. The distribution of outpatients, influenza-like cases, flu patients and patients with fever were all detected in the outpatients with fever. The differences were statistically significant. The concentration areas were concentrated in Chaoyang District, Beijing Central. Influenza-like cases were clustered with flu patients, with a mid-point distance of 0.92 km, mostly overlapping. Conclusion The detection of spatiotemporal aggregation of patients in fever clinic can accurately find the gathering area of patients with respiratory infectious diseases, which is good for early warning. Fever clinic monitoring system for respiratory prevention and control of infectious diseases has a more important value.