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目的：在山区血吸虫病流行区观察蒿甲醚（Ａｒｔ）口服预防血吸虫感染的效果。方法：选择云南省大理市洱源县有血吸虫病流行的３个村为试点。该试点的钉螺感染率为８．７％，感染螺平均密度为０．２２１９只／０．１１ｍ２，人群感染率为１６．４％。选择４－６０岁经常接触疫水的村民，随机配对分为Ａｒｔ组和对照组，经查病后，血吸虫卵阳性者１次口服吡喹酮５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，阴性者服４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。受试村民于５月下旬接触疫水半个月后口服第１剂Ａｒｔ６ｍｇ／ｋｇ，以后每半个月重复给药１次，共服药４次，对照组口服相同剂型的安慰剂（淀粉），末次给药后２５－３２ｄ作粪检复查。结果：Ａｒｔ组３０７人的粪检阳性率为４．２％，对照组３０６人的为１５％，差异显著。此外，对照组有４例急性血吸虫病发生，而Ａｒｔ组则无。结论：口服蒿甲醚，对山区感染较重的血吸虫病流行区有较好的预防效果，并可防止急性血吸虫病。
Objective: To observe the effect of artemether on the prevention of schistosomiasis infection in schistosomiasis endemic areas. Methods: Three villages with endemic schistosomiasis in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province were selected as the pilot. The experimental snail infection rate was 8.7%, average infection density of 0.2219 /0.11m2, the population infection rate was 16.4%. Villagers aged from 4 to 60 who were exposed to the infested water were randomly assigned to Art group and control group. After the disease was found, praziquantel 50 mg / kg was given orally once to the egg-positive and 40 mg / kg was negative. The villagers were given oral administration of Art6mg / kg twice a month for the first half of May after being exposed to the contaminated water, and once every two weeks for a total of 4 times. The control group received the same placebo (starch) 25-32d after the last dose for fecal examination. Results: The positive rate of stool examination in Art group was 4.2% in 307 cases and 15% in 306 cases in control group, the difference was significant. In addition, there were 4 cases of acute schistosomiasis in the control group, but no in the Art group. Conclusion: Oral administration of artemether has a good preventive effect on endemic areas with severe schistosomiasis infection and can prevent acute schistosomiasis.