目的 了解四川省居民自报性急性胃肠炎患病情况及流行病学特征.方法 2014-2015年,在四川3个监测点每月采取多阶段分层随机抽样方法,开展回顾性的横断面调查,并采用多因素Logistic回归评估潜在的危险因素.结果 共调查7529名居民,AGI月患病率2.1％,相当于0.252次/人年,47％的患者就诊,药物治疗病例中65.88％报告使用抗生素,60％使用止泻药.多因素回归分析显示,季度、监测点、居住地性质和家庭人口数是急性胃肠炎的影响因素.结论 需加强重点季节、重点地区的食源性疾病预防工作,通过宣传提高就诊率,通过加强医院病原体检测能力,降低检测费用以提高粪便送检率,并持续开展以人群为基础的调查监测工作,从而降低食源性疾病的发生和危害程度.“,”Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of self-reported acute gastroenteritis illness (AGI) among residents in Sichuan Province. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to carry out a monthly retrospective cross-sectional survey in 3 sentinel sites in Sichuan Province during 2014-2015; potential risk factors were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 7 529 residents were surveyed; the monthly prevalence of AGI was 2.1％,equivalent to 0.252 AGI episodes/person year. Healthcare was sought by 47％ of the patients; among drug-treated patients,antibiotics were used in 65.88％ and antidiarrheals in 60％. Multivariable regression analysis showed seasons,sentinel sites,nature of residence and family size were risk factors for AGI. Conclusion Prevention of food borne diseases should be strengthened in key seasons and key areas; the treatment rate should be improved through propaganda; the stool analysis rate should be increased by strengthening the pathogen test ability of hospitals and by reducing the cost of testing,and the population-based investigation and monitoring should be continued so as to reduce the occurrence and the hazard degree of food borne diseases.