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收入差距日益扩大正在成为当代中国的重大问题,事关普通老百姓的基本生活状况,也越来越影响到社会稳定和社会和谐。中国社会各阶层都从改革开放政策中受益,经济收入都有所改善,但是改善的速度是不一样的,因而收入差距就产生了。收入差距主要表现在城乡差距、区域差距和行业差距等方面,这是结构性的差距;除此之外,市场力量和政治权力的运用,是影响人与人之间收入差距的重要因素。为了调节收入差距,中国政府大致采取了三类措施:一是税收调节,二是减少地区差异的转移支付,三是向弱势群体提供特别公共服务。这些对策起到了一定的作用,但仍需进一步完善。
The widening income gap is becoming a major issue in contemporary China. It relates to the basic living conditions of ordinary people and also affects social stability and social harmony more and more. All sectors of Chinese society have benefited from the policy of reform and opening up and economic income has improved. However, the rate of improvement is not the same, and the income gap has arisen. The income gap mainly lies in the gap between urban and rural areas, the regional gap and the industrial gap. This is a structural gap. In addition, the use of market forces and political power is an important factor that affects the income gap between people. In order to adjust the income gap, the Chinese government has generally taken three types of measures: one is tax adjustment; the other is transfer payment to reduce regional disparities; and the third is to provide special public services to vulnerable groups. These measures have played a certain role, but still need to be further improved.