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目的分析长沙市手足口病的流行病学特征和临床特点。方法采用回顾性调查分析方法对随机抽取的1188例手足口病患儿的流行病学特征和临床特点进行研究分析,用Cox回归模型对手足口病程的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果在1 188例手足口病患儿中,男性居多(59.9%);发病季节主要集中于4-5月,占8l.5%;1～4岁儿童居多,占75.3%;临床症状主要为发热与皮疹。年龄小(RR=0.674,95%CI:0.593～0.765)和就诊不及时(RR=1.816,95%CI:1.274～2.590)是导致手足口病病程延长的影响因素。结论本地区手足口病的发病与年龄、季节以及环境有关,针对性的预防措施和及时的临床识别与治疗将有助于手足口病的治疗与控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changsha. Methods The epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of 1188 children with hand-foot-mouth disease were analyzed retrospectively. The influencing factors of hand-foot-mouth disease course were analyzed by Cox regression model with multivariate analysis. Results Of the 1 188 children with HFMD, most of them were male (59.9%). The incidence season was mainly in April-May (81.5%), mostly in children aged 1-4 years (75.3%). The main clinical symptoms were Fever and rash. Small age (RR = 0.674, 95% CI: 0.593 ~ 0.765) and poor prognosis (RR = 1.816, 95% CI: 1.274-2.590) were the influencing factors for the prolongation of HFMD. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in this area is related to age, season and environment. Targeted preventive measures and timely clinical identification and treatment will be helpful for the treatment and control of HFMD.