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可变剪接(alternative splicing)发生在前体m RNA向成熟m RNA的转换过程中,是转录后表达调控和产生蛋白质多样性的重要机制。可变剪接在真核生物中普遍存在,神经系统发育作为一个极其复杂且严密的过程,可变剪接对它的影响更明显。近年来,一些参与神经发育的可变剪接事件已经得到一定程度的验证,可以得知它的发生影响了突触生长、突触传递和神经干细胞的形成等生物学功能。同时,当可变剪接的模式发生改变时往往也会造成神经系统的功能异常。因此,本文就可变剪接的机制进行了简短的介绍,探索其在神经发育及神经疾病中的作用,并简单总结了相关数据库。
Alternative splicing occurs during the conversion of precursor m RNA to mature m RNA and is an important mechanism for the regulation of post-transcriptional expression and the production of protein diversity. Variable splicing is ubiquitous in eukaryotes, and neurodevelopment is an extremely complex and rigorous process that is more noticeable with alternative splicing. In recent years, some alternative splicing events involved in neural development have been verified to some extent, and its occurrence affects the biological functions of synaptic growth, synaptic transmission and neural stem cell formation. At the same time, changes in the alternative splicing patterns often result in abnormalities in the nervous system. Therefore, this article briefly introduces the mechanism of alternative splicing to explore its role in neurodevelopment and neurological diseases, and briefly summarizes the relevant databases.