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目的探讨不同行业女职工主要的心理问题及其影响因素。方法利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)的总均分、阳性项目数、阳性症状人数评价女职工的心理健康状况。结果不同行业女职工存在不同方面的心理问题,医疗系统女职工的强迫症状、人际关系、焦虑、敌对和其他5个因子均分高于金融行业,医疗和金融行业的全部10项因子均分均高于有色金属矿采选业井下作业女职工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。井下作业女职工的心理测评总均分明显低于医疗和金融行业女职工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30.29%的女职工存在心理问题,医疗行业女职工心理健康的比例最低,为63.37%。从事职业、轮班作业、工作负荷大、加班、不良行为习惯、遭遇负向生活事件、接触有害因素、妇科疾病和月经异常为心理问题的影响因素。结论女职工存在较多的心理问题,需要引起社会关注。
Objective To explore the main psychological problems of women workers in different industries and their influencing factors. Methods The average scores of SCL-90, the number of positive items and the number of positive symptoms were used to evaluate the mental health of female employees. As a result, women workers in different industries had different psychological problems. The scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal relationships, anxiety, hostility and other five factors among female employees in the medical system were higher than those in the financial, medical and financial sectors Higher than non-ferrous metal mining industry downhole female workers, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The total psychological evaluation of female workers in underground operations was significantly lower than that of female workers in medical and financial industries, with statistical significance (P <0.05). 30.29% of female workers have psychological problems, and the lowest proportion of mental health workers in medical industry is 63.37%. Occupation, shift work, work load, overtime, bad habits, negative life events, exposure to harmful factors, gynecological diseases and menstrual disorders as psychological factors. Conclusion Female workers have more psychological problems that need to attract public attention.