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采用生物显微镜和体式显微镜等对橘色双冠丽鱼(Amphilophus citrinellus Günther 1864)早期发育过程中体色和色素细胞的分布及形态变化进行连续观察。结果显示,在水温为(27±1)℃,pH 8.3条件下,仔鱼期:初孵仔鱼体表已具有黑色素,2 dph(day post hatching,dph)黑色素增加,眼窝变黑,未有视觉功能;3dph卵黄囊尚未吸收完毕,黑色素细胞分支,形态多样;4 dph仔鱼有视觉功能,能自行游动;5 dph仔鱼开口,卵黄囊明显变小;7 dph仔鱼出现虹彩细胞;10 dph仔鱼体表出现黄色素细胞;12 dph各鳍被成鱼鳍膜所取代,黑色素细胞、黄色素细胞继续增多,视觉看到鱼体变黑。稚鱼期:19 dph有鳞片产生,各鳍条发育完全,30 dph发现红色素细胞;幼鱼期:35 dph幼鱼体表为黑色,初步形成7条色素带,全身布满鳞片;65 dph鱼体部分黑色素开始褪去;85 dph黑色素细胞全部褪去,鱼体变为亮黄色。研究结果为培育褪黑完全而且遗传稳定的橘色双冠丽鱼奠定了理论基础。
The distribution and morphological changes of body color and pigment cells in the early development of Amphilophus citrinellus Günther 1864 were observed continuously with biological microscope and stereo microscope. The results showed that at the temperature of (27 ± 1) ℃, pH 8.3, the larval stage: the newly hatched larvae had already had melanin on the body surface, increased the melatonin at 2 dph (day post hatching) and darken the eyes and had no visual function ; 3dph yolk sac has not yet absorbed, melanocytes branch, morphological diversity; 4 dph larvae have visual function, able to swim; 5 dph larvae opening, yolk sac significantly smaller; 7 dph larvae appear iridescent cells; 10 dph larvae surface Yellow pigmented cells appeared. On the 12th dph, each fin was replaced by an adult fin membrane. The number of melanocytes and yellow cells continued to increase, and the visual appearance of the fish turned black. Juvenile period: 19 dph scaly produce, the fin fully developed, 30 dph found red pigment cells; juvenile period: 35 dph juvenile body surface is black, the initial formation of seven color bands, the whole body covered with scales; 65 dph Part of the fish began to fade melanin; 85 dph melanoma cells all faded, the fish became bright yellow. The results laid the theoretical foundation for the cultivation of melatonin completely and genetically stable orange double-headed cichlids.