Characterization of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate: Evidence from the emplaced oceanic lithospheric

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The proto-Philippine Sea Plate (pPSP) has been proposed by several authors to account for the origin of the Mesozoic supra-subduction ophiolites along the Philippine archipelago. In this paper, a compre-hensive review of the ophiolites in the east portion of the Philippines is undertaken. Available data on the geology, ages and geochemical signatures of the oceanic lithospheric fragments in Luzon (Isabela, Lagonoy in Camarines Norte, and Rapu-Rapu island), Central Philippines (Samar, Tacloban, Malitbog and Southeast Bohol), and east Mindanao (Dinagat and Pujada) are presented. Characteristics of the Halmahera Ophiolite to the south of the Philippines are also reviewed for comparison. Nearly all of the crust-mantle sequences preserved along the east Philippines share Early to Late Cretaceous ages. The geochemical signatures of mantle and crustal sections reflect both mid-oceanic ridge and supra-subduction signatures. Although paleomagnetic information is currently limited to the Samar Ophio-lite, results indicate a near-equatorial Mesozoic supra-subduction zone origin. In general, correlation of the crust-mantle sequences along the east edge of the Philippines reveal that they likely are frag-ments of the Mesozoic pPSP.
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