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目的了解甘肃省1996-2005年不同地区5岁以下儿童死亡现状及其变化趋势,为降低全省5岁以下儿童死亡率提供科学依据。方法利用甘肃省16个5岁以下儿童死亡监测点儿童死亡监测资料按一、二、三类地区进行统计、分析。结果(1)三类地区5岁以下儿童死亡率高于二类地区,二类地区高于一类地区(χ2=694.002,P=0.000);(2)各类地区5岁以下儿童前3位死因相同(出生窒息、早产和低出生体重、肺炎),但顺位和构成不同;(3)各类地区儿童死亡年龄的构成基本一致,年龄越小,死亡所占比例越高;(4)死亡儿童保健服务的利用存在地区差异。结论(1)从降低全省儿童死亡率的角度看,妇幼卫生工作重心应向三类地区倾斜;(2)应加强出生窒息、早产和低出生体重以及肺炎的防治,以降低全省儿童死亡率。
Objective To understand the current status and trends of death among children under 5 years old in different areas of Gansu from 1996 to 2005 and provide a scientific basis for reducing the death rate of children under 5 years old in the province. Methods The data of death monitoring of 16 children under 5 years of age in Gansu province were collected and analyzed according to the first, second and third categories. Results (1) The mortality rate of children under five years of age in three categories was higher than that of the second category, the second category was higher than the first category (χ2 = 694.002, P = 0.000); (2) The same cause of death (birth asphyxia, premature birth and low birth weight, pneumonia), but the rank and composition are different; (3) the composition of children’s death age is basically the same in all kinds of areas; the younger the age, the higher the proportion of death; (4) There are regional differences in the utilization of health services for child deaths. Conclusions (1) From the point of view of reducing the child mortality rate in the province, the focus of MCH work should be inclined to three types of areas; (2) birth suffocation, premature birth, low birth weight and prevention and treatment of pneumonia should be strengthened to reduce child deaths across the province rate.