论文部分内容阅读
细菌性脑膜炎仍是较常见的感染性疾病,大多数发达国家的年发病率约为10/10万。以散发为主,偶可流行;在某些国家实际上呈季节性流行。自磺胺类问世50年以来,肺炎球菌和脑膜炎球菌脑膜炎的病死率有明显的下降。然而,近年来尽管抗生素品种激增,但病死率并无明显减少。存活者30％以上有经神系统后遗症,尤多见于新生儿和神经外科手术后或肺炎球菌脑膜炎患者。 目前,化学预防及有效的疫苗对细菌性脑膜炎的预防效果甚微。在将来一段时间内治疗成功的关健仍然是早期的临床和实验室诊断以及适当的抗生素疗法。
Bacterial meningitis is still a more common infectious disease, with annual rates of about 10 million in most developed countries. Sporadic, even popular; in fact, seasonal in some countries. Since the advent of sulfonamides 50 years, the mortality of pneumococcal and meningococcal meningitis has dropped significantly. However, despite the surge in antibiotic varieties in recent years, there has been no significant reduction in mortality. More than 30% of survivors have neurological sequelae, especially after neonatal and neurosurgical or pneumococcal meningitis. Currently, chemical prophylaxis and effective vaccines have little effect on the prevention of bacterial meningitis. The key to successful treatment in the future remains the early clinical and laboratory diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy.