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近现代思想文化运动质疑和否定了文载历史的真实性,使中国传统小说依靠历史而产生的合法性出现了理论危机。周作人等新文学倡导者适时引入现代科学方法和理念以及哲学的思辨求真精神,为小说的合法性提供了新的理论依据,并通过“黑幕小说”批判事件使之得到确立。中国现代小说观念努力欲摆脱对历史的依附和依赖,但现代中国特殊的历史文化语境及史传传统的巨大影响,仍不断推动着现代小说向“历史”复归。
The modern ideological and cultural movement questioned and denied the authenticity of the history contained in the text, and led to the theoretical crisis in the legitimacy of traditional Chinese novels relying on history. New literary advocates such as Zhou Zuoren introduced the modern scientific methods and concepts as well as the philosophical speculative and truth-seeking spirit in time to provide a new theoretical basis for the legitimacy of the novel and to establish it through the criticism events of the “novels”. The concept of Chinese modern novels tries hard to get rid of dependence and dependence on history. However, the great influence of the special historical and cultural context of modern China and its tradition of traditions continues to promote the return of modern novels to “history.”