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近年来,关于高甘油三酯血症与冠心病发病有关的报导甚多,尤其是与40～49岁男性患者发病密切相关,可能是促成动脉粥样硬化发生的因素之一。饮食中的甘油三酯(TG)以乳糜微粒(CM)的形式和肝脏合成的TG以极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)的形式在血液中运输的。它们被周围组织的毛细血管内皮的脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)所水解。LPL分布在脂肪组织、心肌和骨骼肌等组织,并在这些组织的实质细胞内合成,然后从细胞内分泌出来,转移到毛细血管内皮朝向管腔的表面上。这个酶的任何缺陷,都能使富含TG的脂蛋白(CM、VLDL)的代谢和清除发生异常,继而导致高甘油三酯血症,而LPL的活性是受载脂蛋白C的调节。
In recent years, there are many reports about the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia and coronary heart disease, especially with the incidence of 40 to 49-year-old male patients may be one of the factors that contribute to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Triglycerides (TGs) in the diet are transported in the blood in the form of chylomicrons (CM) and liver synthesized TG in the form of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). They are hydrolyzed by the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) of the capillary endothelium of the surrounding tissues. LPL is distributed in tissues such as adipose tissue, myocardium and skeletal muscle and is synthesized in the parenchymal cells of these tissues and then secreted from the cells and transferred to the surface of the capillary endothelium toward the lumen. Any defect in this enzyme can cause abnormalities in the metabolism and clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins (CM, VLDL), which in turn leads to hypertriglyceridemia, whereas LPL activity is regulated by apolipoprotein C.