肠道病毒71型(EV71)是新型肠道病毒,是手足口病(HFMD)的主要病原体之一[1]。EV71感染所致重症HFMD的高病死率是值得关注的问题[2]。有报道指出,几乎重症HFMD患儿均以神经系统受累为首发表现,EV71直接侵犯大脑脑干而非免疫反应[3],由此发展为神经源性肺水肿。本研究发现EV71感染致高位脊髓炎,从 Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a novel enterovirus that is one of the major pathogens of HFMD [1]. The high mortality of severe HFMD caused by EV71 infection is a concern [2]. It has been reported that almost all children with severe HFMD have neurological involvement as the first manifestation. EV71 directly affects the brain stem rather than the immune response [3], which leads to the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema. This study found that EV71 infection caused by high myelitis, from