一、概述在两千年前希腊学者阿基米德发现:液体或气体对浸入其中的物体产生铅直向上的作用力,其大小等于与物体浸入部分的体积相等的液体或气体重量。这就是有名的阿基米德浮力定律。设计浸入水中的建筑物如桥梁之墩台、堤坝、房屋之地下室、地下水位以下部分之基础、以及江边的水泵房等,常常需要考虑水对 I. OVERVIEW Two thousand years ago Greek scholar Archimedes discovered that a liquid or gas exerts a vertical upward force on an object immersed in it equal to the weight of the liquid or gas equal to the volume of the immersed part of the object. This is the famous Archimedes buoyancy law. Designing structures immersed in water, such as piers and dykes of bridges, basements of houses, foundations below the groundwater level, and pump houses on the waterfront, often requires water consideration