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为开展汽车碰撞事故的实验分析和数值建模,综述了下肢的损伤容限数据和损伤机制。被选文献起1859年的自股骨三点弯曲试验数据(Weber),直至2009年的行人下肢多刚体建模数据(Kerrigan)。数据表明:在汽车碰撞事故中下肢损伤较为多见,其症状常常为大面积软组织撕裂或缺损,并伴有严重骨折或脱位。对于股骨、髌骨、膝关节、胫骨和踝关节等下肢部位,比较了在静态、动态条件下的弯矩、扭矩、轴向压缩力的损伤容限数据。对于膝关节伤、长骨干骨折、股骨颈骨折、股骨髁骨折、踝关节骨折、脚骨骨折等典型伤类,讨论了下肢撞击的损伤机制。
In order to carry out the experimental analysis and numerical modeling of the automobile collision accident, the damage tolerance data and the damage mechanism of the lower limbs are summarized. Selected papers from the 1859 three-point bending test data from the femur (Weber), until 2009 the pedestrian lower body multi-body rigid modeling data (Kerrigan). The data show that lower extremity injuries are more common in automobile collisions, and the symptoms are often tearing or deforming large areas of soft tissue with severe fractures or dislocations. For the femoral, patella, knee, tibial and ankle joints and other lower extremity parts, under the static and dynamic conditions of bending moment, torque, axial compressive damage damage tolerance data. For the typical injuries such as knee joint injury, long bone fracture, femoral neck fracture, femoral condylar fracture, ankle joint fracture and foot fracture, the damage mechanism of lower extremity impact was discussed.