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研究含0.3%Sc、0-14%Si和0-10%Ca铝基合金的相组成、显微组织和硬化性能。采用实验研究包括扫描电镜、热分析和硬度测试与Thermo-Calc软件模拟相结合的方法对合金的组成进行优化。结果表明,经300~500°C退火处理后合金的硬化效果最好,这是由于Al3Sc纳米颗粒的析出及其进一步粗化。成分在(Al)+Al_4Ca+Al_2Si_2Ca相区的合金呈现明显的硬化效应。三元共晶合金(Al)+Al_4Ca+Al_2Si_2Ca比Al-Si共晶合金的显微组织细得多,这表明实验合金相对于A356系列工业合金具有更高的力学性能。与A356系列合金不同,实验合金不需要淬火处理,因为在其铸件的退火过程中形成了硬化粒子。
The phase composition, microstructure and hardenability of 0.3% Sc, 0-14% Si and 0-10% Ca Al-based alloys were studied. The composition of the alloy was optimized using experimental studies including scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and hardness testing combined with Thermo-Calc software simulation. The results show that after 300 ~ 500 ° C annealing the best hardening effect of the alloy, which is due to the precipitation of Al3Sc nanoparticles and its further roughening. The composition of the (Al) + Al_4Ca + Al_2Si_2Ca phase alloy showed significant hardening effect. The microstructure of the ternary eutectic alloy (Al) + Al_4Ca + Al_2Si_2Ca is much smaller than the Al-Si eutectic alloy, which indicates that the experimental alloy has higher mechanical properties than the A356 series industrial alloys. Unlike the A356 series of alloys, the experimental alloys do not require quenching because of the formation of hardened particles during the annealing of their castings.