The generation temperatures of gas-water fluids released from mud volcanoes in different provinces of the Caucasian region have been constrained using Mg/Li (TMg/Li) chemical geothermometry.Mud volcanic fluids in the Taman Peninsula (Kerch-Taman mud volcanic province) were generated at temperatures (TMg/Li) from 41℃ to 137℃.The depths of the respective mud reservoirs estimated from TMg/Li values and local geothermal gradient are in a range of 1.0 to 3.4 km which spans the Maykop Formation of marine shale.For the South Caspian province,the TMg/Li values of waters vary from 18℃ to 137℃ and the respective root depths HMg/Li of mud volcanoes range from ～ 0.85 to 6.5 km.The obtained TMg/Li values for the analyzed mud volcanic waters from Caucasian provinces are in positive correlation with HCO3-contents and water oxygen isotope compositions (δ18OiH2O and △δ18OH2O) and in high negative correlation with Cl-.The increase of TMg/Li toward the Greater Caucasus Range,as well as the lateral TMg/Li patterns in the Taman and South Caspian mud volcanic provinces,support the idea that mud volcanic fluids generate at temperatures increasing progressively toward the Alpine orogenic belt.