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目的了解初中生抑郁障碍检出率,分析其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法选取绍兴市城乡中学各1所七至九年级初中生为调查对象,使用儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)对其抑郁症状进行评估。结果调查发放问卷3 500份,问卷回收率为97.06%。调查的3 397名初中生抑郁障碍检出率为37.74%,抑郁平均得分为(13.24±5.01)。多因素分析结果显示,女生、高年级和非独生子女(OR值分别为1.312、1.284和1.390,95%CI分别为1.126~1.528、1.170~1.409和1.195~1.618)是抑郁高发人群;自认为学习负担轻、关系密切朋友数多、性格外向和对自己体型满意的初中生(OR值分别为0.661、0.728、0.875和0.678,95%CI分别为0.589~0.742、0.666~0.796、0.813~0.942和0.625~0.735)不容易检出抑郁。结论绍兴市初中生抑郁障碍检出率较高,应针对抑郁障碍有关因素采取干预措施。
Objective To understand the detection rate of depression in junior high school students and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select junior high school students from grade 1 to grade 9 in urban and rural secondary schools in Shaoxing City as subjects. Depression symptoms were assessed using Children’s Depression Disorder Scale (DSRSC). Results A total of 3 500 questionnaires were sent out and the questionnaire recovery rate was 97.06%. The detection rate of depression in 3 397 junior middle school students was 37.74% and the average depression score was (13.24 ± 5.01). The results of multivariate analysis showed that girls, seniors and non-only children (ORs 1.312,1.284 and 1.390, respectively, 95% CI 1.126-1.528,1.170-1,409 and 1.195-1.618) (OR = 0.661,0.728,0.875 and 0.678, respectively). The 95% CI was 0.589 ~ 0.742, 0.666 ~ 0.796, 0.813 ~ 0.942 and 0.625 respectively ~ 0.735) It is not easy to detect depression. Conclusion Junior middle school students in Shaoxing have a high detection rate of depression, and interventions should be taken according to the factors related to depression.