清政府1911年将商办铁路收归国有引发的保路风潮,是晚清政府面临的重大社会危机。铁路收归国有本不至于引发风潮,但决策者预设私意,办理不善,致使风潮迭起。面对危机,主政者又预判失误,措置乖张,触动形势急转直下;统治层协调不力,应对无序,难以挽救危局,保路风潮转向武装革命并最终带来严重后果。 Qing government in 1911 will be run by the state-owned railroads caused by the maintenance of the wave of the road, the late Qing government is facing a major social crisis. The nationalization of the railways will not trigger a wave of controversy. However, policymakers prejudice their own interests and handle bad ones, causing the wave of disputes to take over. In the face of the crisis, the leaders of the government also predicted the mistakes and acted in perverse ways, which triggered the situation to turn sharply downward. The coordination among the ruling circles was not coordinated enough to cope with the disorderly situation and it was difficult to save the crisis. The wave of the road preserves turned to the armed revolution with serious consequences.