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目的了解电离辐射对不同工种放射工作人员辐射,效应敏感指标的影响,为有针对性的改善放射防护条件提供依据。方法抽取放射组和对照组人员外周静脉血进行外周血象、染色体畸变和微核细胞检测分析。结果放射组辐射效应指标异常检出率均高于对照组,染色体畸变异常检出率与之比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);介入和工业组辐射效应指标异常检出率高于其他组,其中白细胞减少和染色体畸变异常检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论不同工种放射工作人员的辐射效应敏感指标异常检出率均高于正常人群(对照组人员),尤其是介入和工业放射工作人员小剂量辐射损伤效应较明显。建议应有针对性的改善放射防护条件,加强个人防范意识。
Objective To understand the influence of ionizing radiation on the radiation and effect sensitive indexes of radiation workers of different types and to provide the basis for improving the radiation protection conditions. Methods Peripheral venous blood was collected from peripheral blood of patients in radiotherapy group and control group for detection of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei. Results The detection rate of radiation effects was higher in the radiotherapy group than in the control group, and the detection rate of chromosomal aberration was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). The detection rate of radiation effects in intervention group and industrial group was higher than that in the control group Among the other groups, the detection rate of leukopenia and chromosomal aberration was significantly different from that of the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusions The detection rate of the radiation sensitive index of radiation workers in different types of work is higher than that in the normal people (control group), especially the interventional and industrial radiological workers. Suggestions should be targeted to improve the conditions of radiation protection, strengthen personal awareness of prevention.