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文化遗产涵盖了在一个社会中被认为古老、重要、值得保存的遗址、物品和实践活动。当前,这一题目在世界范围内正日益吸引着普通大众和学术界的关注,它的概念范围也在日趋扩大。许多社会科学研究者强调其能够支持族群、国家和精英层利益诉求的功能,不过也有人指出文化遗产具有创造性的、反霸权的层面。本文客观性地综述了西方学界对如下问题的讨论:文化遗产与旅游业和乡愁的关系、不和谐/负面文化遗产、文化遗产与宗教、乡村与都市的文化遗产、文化遗产的相关机构,尤其是联合国教科文组织及其公约。作者着重指出:个人层面上对文化遗产的依恋是一个迄今为止少受关注,却值得进一步探讨的重要话题。
Cultural heritage covers sites, objects and practices that are considered ancient, important and worth preserving in a society. At present, this topic is increasingly attracting the attention of the general public and academia worldwide, and its concept is also expanding. Many social science researchers emphasize their ability to support the interests of ethnic, national and elite interests, although others point to the creative and hegemonic aspects of cultural heritage. This paper provides an objective overview of Western scholars’ discussions on issues such as the relationship between cultural heritage and tourism and nostalgia, discord / negative cultural heritage, cultural heritage and religion, cultural heritage of rural and urban areas, and institutions associated with cultural heritage, especially It is UNESCO and its conventions. The author emphasizes that attachment to cultural heritage on an individual level is an important topic that has so far received less attention but deserves further exploration.