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近年来,可再生能源发展很快,包括太阳能、风能、水能等,其中风力机是风能发电的主要形式。风力机通过叶片的转动将风能转化为机械能,故叶片对风的捕获能力是风能利用效率的重要影响因素,这涉及风力机叶片空气动力学问题,而叶片气动外形设计对其气动效率有着至关重要的作用。首先介绍了风力机空气动力学理论和气动计算模型,它们是气动设计的基础,然后分别介绍了传统的气动外形优化设计方法和现代优化设计方法。指出了风力机叶片设计的多学科、多目标发展趋势,以及开发风力机设计软件的迫切需要。
In recent years, renewable energy has developed rapidly, including solar energy, wind energy, water energy, etc., of which wind turbine is the main form of wind power generation. The wind turbine converts the wind energy into mechanical energy through the rotation of the blades. Therefore, the ability of the blades to capture the wind is an important factor affecting the wind energy utilization efficiency. This involves the aerodynamic problems of the wind turbine blades, while the aerodynamic shape design of the blades has a bearing on the aerodynamic efficiency Important role. Firstly, the aerodynamic theory and aerodynamic calculation model of wind turbine are introduced. They are the basis of aerodynamic design, and then the traditional methods of aerodynamic shape optimization and modern optimization design are respectively introduced. The multidisciplinary and multi-objective development trend of wind turbine blade design is pointed out, and the urgent need of developing wind turbine design software is pointed out.