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奥古斯丁是古罗马帝国时期最杰出的基督教思想家,也是有机整体论观念发展过程中的重要一环。奥古斯丁本人体现出一种对古希腊哲学、摩尼教世界观、新柏拉图主义和基督教教义等诸家思想的综合性反思倾向,因此以《上帝之城》为代表的思想论著往往呈现出远较日后教条化的经院哲学更为鲜活的多元力量。特别是文中推论辩证乃至于字里行间体现出的有机整体观,既完整地影射了古希腊有机整体观的遗响,同时也反映出新柏拉图主义和基督教世界观对整体论传统的批判与修正。因此本文将以《上帝之城》为主要研究对象,梳理奥古斯丁有机整体论的独特内涵与表现,以及其承上启下的地位。
Augustine was the most prominent Christian thinker during the Roman Empire and an important part of the development of the concept of organic holism. Augustine himself embodied a comprehensive reflection on the ideas of ancient Greek philosophy, the world view of Manichaeism, neo-Platonism and Christian doctrine. Therefore, the ideological theory represented by “the city of God” Dogmatic metaphysics is more alive and diverse. In particular, the corpus of reasoning in the text and even the line between the lines reflects the legacy of the ancient Greek holistic concept as a whole, and at the same time it reflects the critique and revision of the tradition of holism by neo-Platonism and Christian worldviews. Therefore, this article will take the “City of God” as the main research object, combing the unique connotation and performance of Augustine’s Organic Holism and its status as a starting point.