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教学活动是一种极为复杂的活动,所涉及的因素较多,单靠一门学科是无法深入的,要使教学研究走向可持续发展的道路,就必须广泛吸收多门学科的研究成果和科学方法,从多学科的角度对教学现象及问题进行研究。一、教学研究的生态主义视角教学研究中借鉴生态学的理论和方法研究教学现象和问题已日益发展为一种趋势,出现了明显的生态学倾向。其首先表现为运用生态学及生态主义的理论来分析教学。以生态主义视角来研究教学,教学被视作一个由教师、学生、教学内容、教学事件等子系统组成的互相联系、互相制约的系统,它具有开放性、动态性的特征。同时,这个小系统又受到大系统、外系统和中间系统的影响。因此,在研究教学时,不仅应充分考虑到系统内部的相互关系,从微观上将教学放在具体的教学情景中考察,而且,要注重系统之间的相互关系,在宏观上将教学放在大的政治、经济、文化背景下考察。由于教学情景有广阔的范围和丰富的内容,它是十分复杂的,充满了多样性和不确定性,所以,在教学研究中,要强调教学情景的重要性,注重对教学
Teaching activities are extremely complex activities. There are many factors involved and it is impossible to go deep with a single discipline. To make teaching research move toward a sustainable development path, we must widely absorb the research results and science of multiple disciplines. Methods, from the perspective of multi-disciplinary research on teaching phenomena and issues. First, the ecological perspective of teaching research Teaching research in the use of ecology theory and methods to study teaching phenomena and problems has been increasingly developed as a trend, there has been a clear ecological trend. Its first manifestation is the use of ecological and ecological theories to analyze teaching. To study teaching from the perspective of ecology, teaching is regarded as a system of mutual contact and mutual restraint composed of subsystems such as teachers, students, teaching contents, and teaching events. It has open and dynamic characteristics. At the same time, this small system is also affected by large systems, external systems, and intermediate systems. Therefore, in the study of teaching, not only should fully consider the interrelationships within the system, but also examine the teaching in a specific teaching scenario from a microscopic perspective. Moreover, we must pay attention to the interrelationships between the systems and put the teaching on a macro level. Under a large political, economic, and cultural background. Because of the broad scope and rich content of the teaching scenario, it is very complex and full of diversity and uncertainty. Therefore, in teaching research, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the teaching scenario and focus on teaching.