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目的分析宁夏2008~2011年疑似预防接种异常反应病例发生情况。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对宁夏2008~2011年报告的疑似预防接种异常反应病例资料进行分析。结果 2008~2011年宁夏共报告AEFI病例275例,报告发生率2.32/10万,涉及18种疫苗,其中23价肺炎疫苗报告发生率最高(22.80/10万)。病例中麻疹疫苗引起的病例所占构成比最高(38.91%)。反应类型中一般反应占73.82%、异常反应17.82%、偶合症7.64%。病例主要发生在小年龄段人群(≤5岁发生数占83.27%)。发生时间主要集中在5~9月份(64.96%),多在接种后1 d内发生(74.55%)。结论 2008~2011年宁夏AEFI病例监测质量逐年提高,但部分地区仍需提高监测敏感性。
Objective To analyze the incidence of abnormal vaccination in Ningxia from 2008 to 2011. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the suspected cases of abnormal vaccination reported in Ningxia from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 275 AEFI cases were reported in Ningxia from 2008 to 2011, with a reported incidence of 2.32 / 100 000, involving 18 kinds of vaccines. The highest incidence of 23 pneumococcal vaccines was reported (22.80 / 100 000). The cases caused by measles vaccine accounted for the highest proportion (38.91%). The reaction type of general reaction accounted for 73.82%, abnormal reaction 17.82%, coupling disease 7.64%. Cases occurred mainly in the younger age groups (≤ 5 years old accounted for 83.27%). Occurrence time mainly concentrated in May to September (64.96%), and more occurred within 1 d after inoculation (74.55%). Conclusion The quality of AEFI surveillance in Ningxia increased year by year from 2008 to 2011, but monitoring sensitivity still needs to be improved in some areas.