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通过分析西北地区的水资源量、可利用量、人类生存发展对水资源的需求 ,提出了西北地区最大可支撑人口数量 ,对西北地区的水资源承载能力进行了评价。从评价结果来看 ,西北地区黄河流域、河西地区和新疆的东疆地区将出现人口超载 ,超载率分别达 38%、10 %、2 7%。超载的原因是水资源紧缺 ,在人口密度较大的区域水资源最为紧缺 ,人口和经济发展对水资源的需求超过了水资源的承载能力 ,解决人口超载的根本途径是节水和开源。
By analyzing the amount of water resources in Northwest China, the availability and the demand for water resources for human survival and development, the paper proposes the maximum supportable population in Northwest China and evaluates the water resources carrying capacity in Northwest China. From the evaluation results, population overloading will occur in the Yellow River Basin in the northwest, Hexi and Xinjiang in the east of Xinjiang. The overloading rates will reach 38%, 10% and 27% respectively. The reason of overloading is the shortage of water resources. The water resources are most scarce in the population density areas. The demand for water resources by population and economic development exceeds the carrying capacity of water resources. The fundamental way to solve the population overloading is water saving and open source.