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利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的灵活配置功能及丰富高速的硬件逻辑资源,设计并实现了时差法多声波超声波流量计。介绍了超声波流量计测量原理与方法,给出系统硬件设计方案,包括FPGA内部逻辑设计及外围电路设计,同时给出了超声波换能器发射、接收电路及收发换能器自动切换电路的原理,完成了主控流程的软件设计,实现了多声路超声波高压脉冲发射、回波信号自动增益控制、传播时间的高速测量等,所研制的多声路超声波流量计具有扩展性好、精度高、测量距离远等特点。
Utilizing the flexible configuration of field programmable gate array (FPGA) and abundant high-speed hardware logic resources, a time-difference method multi-sonic ultrasonic flowmeter is designed and realized. The principle and method of ultrasonic flowmeter measurement are introduced. The hardware design of the system is given, including the internal logic design of FPGA and the design of the peripheral circuit. At the same time, the principles of the transmitting and receiving circuits of ultrasonic transducer and the automatic switching circuit of transmitting and receiving transducer are given. The software design of the main control flow is completed, and the multi-acoustic ultrasonic pulse transmission, the automatic gain control of the echo signal and the high-speed measurement of the propagation time are realized. The developed multi-ultrasonic flowmeter has the advantages of good scalability, high precision, Measuring distance and other characteristics.