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高中化学(试用本)第二册第4页第4题:在导电性的实验装置里注入浓醋酸溶液时,灯光很暗,如果改用浓氨水,结果相同。可是把上述两种溶液混和起来实验时,灯光却十分明亮。为什么? 在学生中大都这样回答(1957年第一版的高中课本就开始用这道题,现在许多资料也选解这道题,大都是这样解答):它们都是弱电解质,在水溶液中不能完全电离,自由移动的离子很少,导电能力弱,灯光很暗。当两种溶液混和后,由于醋酸与氨水中和,CH_3COOH+NH_3·H_2O=CH_3COONH_4+H_2O,生成了
High School Chemistry (Trial) Volume II, Page 4 Problem 4: When injecting a concentrated acetic acid solution into a conductive device, the light is dim. If concentrated ammonia is used instead, the result is the same. However, when the above two solutions were mixed and tested, the light was very bright. Why? Most of the students answered this question (the first edition of the 1957 high school textbook began to use this question, and now many of the materials are also chosen to solve this question. Most of them are answered this way): They are all weak electrolytes and cannot be used in aqueous solutions. Fully ionized, there are few free-moving ions, weak conductivity, and very dim lighting. When the two solutions are mixed, CH_3COOH+NH_3·H_2O=CH_3COONH_4+H_2O is generated due to the neutralization of acetic acid and ammonia.