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如何有效地部署节点是传感器网络系统设计中首要考虑的问题,它直接影响网络的性能和寿命。目前节点部署环境考虑无限空间或规则区域,但是实际部署环境如战场、森林检测等是有边界且边界形状不一的环境。文中提出了一种低能耗的无线传感器边界节点部署方案,并命名为V-HART方案。一方面方案基于六边形网格的配置策略,减少中心节点数量;另一方面方案将边界节点放置在六边形中垂线处的二维监测区域,节点数量减少,能耗降低。仿真结果显示,相比于凸边形区域节点部署,V-HART使用的节点少,具有能耗小、可靠性高和使用节点少等优点。
How to deploy nodes effectively is the primary consideration in the design of sensor network system, which directly affects the performance and life span of the network. At present, the deployment environment of a node considers an infinite space or a rule area, but an actual deployment environment such as a battlefield and a forest detection is an environment with boundaries and different shapes and boundaries. This paper presents a low-power wireless sensor node deployment plan, and named V-HART program. On the one hand, the scheme is based on the configuration strategy of hexagonal grid to reduce the number of central nodes; on the other hand, the scheme places the boundary nodes in the two-dimensional monitoring area at the perpendicular of the hexagons, reducing the number of nodes and energy consumption. The simulation results show that V-HART uses fewer nodes than low-energy nodes, and therefore has the advantages of low energy consumption, high reliability and fewer nodes.