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难治性哮喘是指接受高剂量吸入激素联合其他治疗仍无法理想控制症状或需要持续治疗保持良好的症状控制并减少恶化的风险的一类哮喘。由于异质性的原因，难治性哮喘治疗难度大、疾病负担重。因此，对于难治性哮喘的分型研究有助于针对性的个体化治疗，具有重大的临床意义。该综述总结了难治性哮喘的最新分型相关研究，以期为儿童难治性哮喘的诊治提供参考和借鉴。“,”Difficult-to-treat asthma is a complex disease with poor response to high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus a second controller or need high levels of treatment to maintain control.Difficult-to-treat asthma represents a significant clinical challenge and a heavy medical burden due to its heterogeneity.Identification of the phenotypes and endotypes in difficult-to-treat asthma is very helpful for individualized therapy.This review summarizes the latest studies on the classification of difficult-to-treat asthma in order to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of difficult-to-treat asthma in children.