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微动特征是当前学术界公认的弹道中段目标雷达识别的有效特征之一,目前的特征提取与识别研究通常假定散射中心与目标自身的微动规律一致,其微Doppler效应为正弦调频信号.但这种假设忽视了随着观测视角的改变,散射中心将在目标体上滑动这一事实.文中对弹体不同位置散射中心的微运动特性进行了完整建模,首次得到了滑动型散射中心微Doppler的数学表达式,并针对导弹攻防对抗条件导出其Taylor近似,指出并非文献上通常假定的正弦规律.设计了进动目标暗室动态测量实验,生动揭示了散射中心的这种滑动特性,实验现象与文中的理论分析结果相一致.文中揭示的微Doppler机理为弹头类目标微动特性模拟及特征反演等应用领域提供了更为准确的物理基础和数学模型.
The fretting feature is one of the valid features recognized by academics in the mid-term of ballistic target radar recognition. Currently, the research on feature extraction and recognition generally assumes that the scattering center is consistent with the fretting law of the target itself, and the micro Doppler effect is a sinusoidal frequency modulated signal. This assumption ignores the fact that as the observational angle changes, the scattering center will slide on the target body. In this paper, the micro-motion characteristics of scattering centers at different positions of the projectile are completely modeled, and the first time that the sliding- Doppler mathematical expressions are derived and their Taylor approximations are derived for missile attack and defense confrontation conditions, pointing out that they are not the sine law commonly assumed in the literature. A dynamic measurement experiment of precession target darkroom is designed to vividly reveal such sliding characteristics of scattering centers. The experimental phenomena Which is consistent with the theoretical analysis in this paper.The micro-Doppler mechanism disclosed in this paper provides a more accurate physical basis and mathematical model for applications such as warhead-type micro-motion simulation and feature inversion.