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分析杭州市萧山区2011-2015年出生缺陷资料,收集、整理2011-2015年各接产医院出生监测报表和出生监测登记卡,并进行质控校正。计算每年出生缺陷发生率,对出生缺陷类别进行顺位排列,对不同情况下的出生缺陷进行比较。采用SPSS 17.0软件,计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果显示,杭州市萧山区2011-2015年共发现出生缺陷1 159例,出生缺陷发生率11.00‰。出生缺陷前五位依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、并指(趾)、小耳及外耳其他畸形。<20岁和≥35岁年龄组围产儿出生缺陷发生率高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.064,P=0.002)。男孩出生缺陷发生率高于女孩,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=27.913,P=0.000)。城镇出生缺陷发生率高于农村,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.959,P=0.008)。出生缺陷围产儿死亡率为156.17‰,孕中期确诊出生缺陷后选择治疗性引产,使围产儿出生缺陷发生率下降3.59‰。加强围产期保健、提高孕中期产前诊断质量,及时确诊严重出生缺陷,可避免出生缺陷的发生并提高出生人口素质。
Analysis of birth defects data from 2011 to 2015 in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, collected and sorted out the birth monitoring reports and birth monitoring registration cards of all the receiving hospitals from 2011 to 2015, and carried out quality control and correction. Calculate the annual incidence of birth defects, birth defects category in order, the birth defects in different situations were compared. Using SPSS 17.0 software, count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. The results showed that 1 159 cases of birth defects and 11.00 ‰ birth defects were detected in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou from 2011 to 2015. The top five birth defects followed by congenital heart disease, multiple fingers (toes), total cleft lip, and fingers (toes), small ears and other deformities of the outer ear. The incidence of perinatal birth defects in children <20 years old and ≥35 years old was higher than that in other age groups (χ ~ 2 = 17.064, P = 0.002). The incidence of birth defects in boys was higher than that in girls, with significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 27.913, P = 0.000). The incidence of birth defects in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, with a significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 6.959, P = 0.008). Birth defects The perinatal mortality rate was 156.17 ‰, the second trimester confirmed the birth defect treatment of induced abortion, so that the incidence of perinatal birth defects decreased 3.59 ‰. Strengthen the perinatal care, improve the quality of prenatal diagnosis in the second trimester, and diagnose serious birth defects in time to avoid birth defects and improve the quality of the birth population.