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例是中国古代法律形式之一,在中国古代法律体系中占有重要地位,而宋代是例发展过程中的关键历史阶段,起着承上启下的重要作用。宋例由司法例和行政例两部分构成,事例作为宋代行政例中数量最为庞大、运用最为广泛的一种,是认识宋代行政例乃至宋例的关键所在。宋代的事例内容庞杂,包括诸多不同名称的例,在类别和层次上也有不小的差异,根据确定程度、行用时间等不同,事例可以划分为不同的类别,而事例在形成过程中也体现出不同的层次。相对于权威性、公开性、统一性、规范性和稳定性更强的成法,事例存在着很大的弊端,但另一方面,事例在宋代各项事务的处理中也发挥了积极的作用。
The case is one of the ancient legal forms in China, which occupies an important place in the legal system of ancient China. However, Song Dynasty is an important historic stage in the process of development and plays an important role of connecting and opening up. The case of Song is composed of two parts: the judicial act and the administrative one. As the most extensive and most widely used administrative example in the Song Dynasty, the case is the key to understanding the Song administrative cases and the Song example. There are many cases in the Song Dynasty, including many cases of different names. There are also notable differences in the categories and levels. Cases can be divided into different categories according to the degree of certainty, Different levels. Relative to the authority, openness, unity, normative and more stable practices, there are great drawbacks, but on the other hand, cases also played a positive role in the handling of all aspects of the Song Dynasty .