直肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和病死率居高不下.近10年来,直肠癌治疗方式进展较快,包括手术治疗、术前术后化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗等.其中手术方式又包括局部切除、全系膜切除,对于个体患者,选择合适的治疗方式显得尤为重要,日益强调治疗方式的个体化.治疗方式的选择取决于肿瘤的可切除性和术后复发的风险,这皆归于准确的术前分期.有报道35%患者的治疗方案因术前分期的改变而得 Rectal cancer is a common malignancy, and its incidence and mortality are high. Over the past 10 years, the treatment of rectal cancer has progressed rapidly, including surgical treatment, preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, etc. Including local excision and total mesorectal excision, it is particularly important for individual patients to choose an appropriate treatment method, and increasingly emphasize the individualization of treatment methods. The choice of treatment depends on the resection of the tumor and the risk of postoperative recurrence. Attributable to accurate preoperative staging. It has been reported that 35% of patients have a treatment plan due to changes in preoperative staging