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20世纪初期北京城市空间秩序的改变,主要体现在古代帝都以宫殿庙宇为中心的标志性建筑和街区的衰微,代表新型资本主义工商业文化的西式建筑和街区的兴起。虽然这种变化比上海、天津等通商口岸规模较小,但其变化的脉络还是清晰可辨的。本文试从北京城市空间的重要组成部分,即城墙、中轴线和建筑三个方面探讨清末民初北京内部空间的演变特征及其意义。
The change of Beijing’s urban space order in the early 20th century was mainly reflected in the decline of iconic buildings and blocks centered on palaces and temples in the ancient capital, representing the Western-style architecture of modern capitalist industrial and commercial culture and the rise of blocks. Although this change is smaller than that of Shanghai, Tianjin and other ports, the context of its change is still clearly discernible. This article attempts to explore the evolution characteristics and significance of Beijing’s internal space in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China from three aspects: the urban wall, the central axis and the architecture.