文化在经济发展中具有重要作用,区域的亚文化在一定程度上影响着后进地区的经济发展,然而,并不宜认为是文化决定了经济发展。本文以江西省余江县中童镇眼镜业的产业文化长时期中的演化为例分析认为,在短期,文化先于个体而存在,并且决定着产业的具体形态及演化的路径。但是,从长期来看,产业文化是由产业的生产技术结构、市场特征等决定的,并且是伴随着这些因素的演化而共生演化的。在演化中,金融产业、政府行为等的演化对产业文化的演化产生了重要的影响。通过该案例,本文引出了对历史唯物主义的现代定义,与此同时,分析了生产技术结构、分工与制度共生演化的原理。 Culture plays an important role in economic development. The subculture of the region affects the economic development of the backward areas to a certain extent. However, it is not appropriate to think that culture determines economic development. This article takes the evolution of the industry culture of the optical industry in Zhongtong Town, Yujiang County, Jiangxi Province as an example to analyze that in the short-term, culture exists before individuals and determines the specific shape and evolution path of the industry. However, in the long run, industrial culture is determined by the production technology structure of the industry, market characteristics, etc., and is symbiotically evolved along with the evolution of these factors. In the process of evolution, the evolution of the financial industry and government behavior has had an important impact on the evolution of industrial culture. Through this case, this article leads to the modern definition of historical materialism. At the same time, it analyzes the principles of the symbiotic evolution of the structure of production technology, division of labor, and institutions.