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为明确甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)对大豆品种诱变的后代变异情况,利用0.5%EMS溶液处理7个大豆品种的种子,对M2、M3代主要农艺性状的遗传变异进行分析比较。结果表明:各世代农艺性状均发生一定程度的变异,与M2代相比,M3代株高、节数及百粒重的变异系数有所变小,其它性状的变异系数大致相当;M3代分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重的广义遗传力大于M2代,由于M3存在一定的回复突变,使得M3代株高、节数的广义遗传力小于M2代;各世代都诱变出早熟或晚熟的变异株,M2代熟期总变异率为0.65%,其中早熟变异比例为0.28%,晚熟变异比例为0.37%;M3代熟期总变异率为0.31%,其中早熟变异比例为0.12%,晚熟变异比例为0.19%,M3代熟期变异率低于M2。
In order to clarify the variation of offspring induced by ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS) in soybean varieties, the genetic variations of the main agronomic traits in M2 and M3 generations were analyzed by using 0.5% EMS solution to treat the seeds of seven soybean varieties. The results showed that agronomic traits varied to some extent in each generation. Compared with M2 generation, the variation coefficient of plant height, node number and 100-grain weight of M3 generation became smaller and the coefficient of variation of other traits was approximately the same. The broad heritability of number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of per plant, number of grain per plant, weight per plant and weight per plant was greater than that of M2 generation. Because M3 had a certain number of back-mutations, the general heritability of plant height and node number of M3 was less than M2 generation. Mutant strains of early or late ripening were mutagenized in each generation. The total variation rate of M2 generation was 0.65%, of which 0.28% for early maturity and 0.37% for late maturity. The total variation rate of maturity for M3 was 0.31%. Among them, the percentage of early-maturity variation was 0.12%, the rate of late-maturity mutation was 0.19%, and the variation rate of M3 generation was lower than that of M2.