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目的:探讨耳声发射筛查新生儿听力障碍,旨在对听力存在不同程度损害的儿童做到早发现、早干预,避免智能、语言发育落后。方法:对2007年11月～2009年3月出生的2228名新生儿予出生72h进行听力筛查,未通过者予生后1～3个月复查,仍未通过者进行脑干诱发电位测试,对假阳性者进行早期干预,包括听力保健及感官刺激。结果:①通过听力筛查的2122例新生儿中存在高危因素的只占17.9%,而未通过听力筛查的新生儿中存在高危因素的占58.49%;②对两次听力复查均未通过者尽早给予干预者3个月后再次复查,通过率为95.12%,而未干预者通过率为53.66%。结论:①听力保健应从孕产期保健抓起,从而减少听力障碍的发生率;②早发现,早干预有利于可逆性听力损伤(即轻一中度听力损伤)的恢复。
Objective: To investigate the otoacoustic emission screening of neonates with hearing impairment, aimed at early detection and early intervention of children with different degrees of hearing impairment, avoiding intelligence and language development. Methods: Totally 2228 newborns born from November 2007 to March 2009 were subjected to hearing screening 72h after birth. Those who failed to pass the examinations were retrospectively reviewed 1 to 3 months after birth, and those who had not yet passed the brainstem evoked potential test. Early intervention for false positives includes hearing and sensory stimulation. Results: ①Among the 2122 newborns who passed the hearing screening, only 17.9% had high risk factors, while those who did not pass the hearing screening accounted for 58.49% of the high risk factors. ②All of the two hearing tests failed Intervention as soon as possible after 3 months to review again, the adoption rate was 95.12%, while those who did not intervene 53.66% pass rate. Conclusion: ① Hearing care should start from the maternal health care, thus reducing the incidence of hearing loss; ② Early detection, early intervention is conducive to reversible hearing loss (ie, mild to moderate hearing loss) recovery.